Conjugating the Verb Désobéir (to Disobey) in French

The verb  dà ©sobà ©ir  means to disobey in French. To transform it into the past tense disobeyed or the present tense disobeying, the verb needs to be conjugated. This is a relatively simple French lesson that will show you how to do that. Conjugating the French Verb  Dà ©sobà ©ir French students are often frustrated by verb conjugations because there are so many verb forms to remember. The nice thing about a verb like  dà ©sobà ©ir  is that its a  regular -IR verb. This means that it follows a common conjugation pattern. If you learn this one, verbs like  convertir  (to convert) and  chà ©rir  (to cherish) will be a little easier because the same rules apply. French verb conjugations take into account both the subject pronoun  and  the present, future, or past tense. As you study the chart, notice how the endings attached to the verb stem  dà ©sobà ©-  change. For instance, I disobey is je dà ©sobà ©is and we will disobey is nous dà ©sobà ©irons. Subject Present Future Imperfect je dà ©sobà ©is dà ©sobà ©irai dà ©sobà ©issais tu dà ©sobà ©is dà ©sobà ©iras dà ©sobà ©issais il dà ©sobà ©it dà ©sobà ©ira dà ©sobà ©issait nous dà ©sobà ©issons dà ©sobà ©irons dà ©sobà ©issions vous dà ©sobà ©issez dà ©sobà ©irez dà ©sobà ©issiez ils dà ©sobà ©issent dà ©sobà ©iront dà ©sobà ©issaient The Present Participle of  Dà ©sobà ©ir The  present participle  of dà ©sobà ©ir  is  dà ©sobà ©issant.  This is as simple as adding -ant  to the verb stem. Not only is this a verb, but it also acts as an adjective, gerund, or noun in some circumstances. Another Common Past Tense Form   A  common form of the past tense disobeyed in French is the  passà © composà ©. To form this, begin by conjugating the  auxiliary, or helping verb  avoir, then add the  past participle  dà ©sobà ©i. As an example, I disobeyed is jai dà ©sobà ©i and we disobeyed is nous avons dà ©sobà ©i. More Simple  Dà ©sobà ©ir  Conjugations The following verb forms of  dà ©sobà ©ir  are less common, though you may run into them as you speak and read more French. While you may never use them yourself, its a good idea to be able to recognize them as a form of to disobey. The subjunctive and conditional imply some level of uncertainty or dependency to the verbs action. The passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive are primarily found in French writing. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Passà © Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je dà ©sobà ©isse dà ©sobà ©irais dà ©sobà ©is dà ©sobà ©isse tu dà ©sobà ©isses dà ©sobà ©irais dà ©sobà ©is dà ©sobà ©isses il dà ©sobà ©isse dà ©sobà ©irais dà ©sobà ©it dà ©sobà ©Ãƒ ®t nous dà ©sobà ©issions dà ©sobà ©irions dà ©sobà ©Ãƒ ®mes dà ©sobà ©issions vous dà ©sobà ©issiez dà ©sobà ©iriez dà ©sobà ©Ãƒ ®tes dà ©sobà ©issiez ils dà ©sobà ©issent dà ©sobà ©iraient dà ©sobà ©irent dà ©sobà ©issent The imperative verb form is often used for short and direct commands and requests. This is a simplified conjugation as you can skip the subject pronoun. Rather than saying tu dà ©sobà ©is,  you can use dà ©sobà ©is alone. Imperative (tu) dà ©sobà ©is (nous) dà ©sobà ©issons (vous) dà ©sobà ©issez

Anti Semitism And The Holocaust - 1950 Words

Matt Gurovich Mr. Chin AP Euro 7th Period Holocaust Research Paper Anti-semitism is a concept that has been around in our society for a few centuries now, and has played a significant role in the world for many of those years. Although we see anti-semitism fade and diminish, its historical symbolism will hover over society for years to come. The Holocaust, taken place in Eastern Europe, is known to be one of the largest genocides this world has ever seen, and is the gruesome platform that people relate to anti-semitism. The Holocaust was in reaction to the successes of the Jewish population and the conspiracy of Zionism. Moreover, the alliance that Nazis had established with Zionists and how they were able to collaborate in order to accomplish the alienation and extermination of European Jews. This genocide affected numerous Jewish families, leading to many fatalities and a crackdown on the discipline of all Nazi soldiers. Anti-semitism gained its resurgence in the eighteenth century and was a concept that heavily influenced society around the globe, but primarily the European society. Anti-semitism all began in the Enlightenment period with rulers such as Frederick the Great of Prussia, and Joseph II of Austria, enforcing laws that discriminated the Jewish population. A glimpse of hope was later founded in the beginning of the 1800s, in which Western Europe had been creating reforms in favor of Jews. Specifically, in France, a â€Å"Jew-hating† nation, Judaism was declared anShow MoreRelatedAnti Semitism And The Holocaust876 Words   |  4 Pagesin the dark about it as well who could possibly blame America who was thousands of miles away to know. During the years of the holocaust a feeling of Anti-Semitism was clearly present all over the world this including the United States, this was seen in the results from different polls conducted and from the social policies at the time. These feelings of Anti-Semitism were convenient because it gave people an excuse to not do anything to help the Jews. Between 1938-1939 about 85,000 Jewish refugeesRead MoreAnti Semitism And The Holocaust1682 Words   |  7 Pagesknowing where they are going. Anti-Semitism is the hatred of Jews, and it reached its pinnacle during the Holocaust. It’s known world wide as the genocide of approximately six million European Jews. Strikingly, there is a decent number of people in the world who don t entirely believe that the Holocaust happened as it is documented by witnesses, survivors, and those tasked with rescuing those who survived, and burying those who did not. These people are known as Holocaust Revisionists; or in anotherRead MoreWas German ‘Eliminationist Anti-Semitism Responsible for the Holocaust?832 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Was German ‘Eliminationist Anti-Semitism† Responsible for the Holocaust?† is a fascinating and somewhat discouraging debate that explores the question of whether German anti-Semitism, instilled within citizens outside of the Nazi Party, played a vast role in the extermination of Jews during the Holocaust . Daniel Jonah Goldhagen, author of â€Å"The Paradigm Challenged,† believes that it did; and argues quite convincingly that ordinary German citizens were duplicitous either by their actions or inactionsRead MoreWas German â€Å"Eliminationist Anti-Semitism† Responsible for the Holocaust?2341 Words   |  10 Pages | |Was German â€Å"Eliminationist Anti-Semitism† Responsible for the Holocaust? | |Issue 10 â€Å"Taking Sides: Clashing Views in World History† | | | German anti-Semitism played the main role in Holocaust and extermination of Jewish population in Europe duringRead MoreAnti-Semitism and Lack of Concern Among Non-jews During the Holocaust997 Words   |  4 PagesAntisemitism is to blame for the lack of concern among non-Jews during the up rise of the Holocaust. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;It is hard to grasp the number of lives lost during the Holocaust. How someone could have so much hatred towards one group of people. Or how so many people could set back and watch something like this take place without protest. To begin to understand how a tragedy like the Holocaust could have took place without intervention we need to understand antisemitism. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Merriam-WebsterRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust Essay1118 Words   |  5 PagesWithin the era of 1933 to 1945, races struggled through times of gloom, torment and hopelessness. The Holocaust was hard on numerous people, with little survivors and still influences individuals present lives today. The majority of the anguish was brought about as a result of one man’s conviction, that had the capacity to impact a whole nation. The holocaust was a genocide that was exclusively centered around hatred found in Germany. Propaganda was one of the main causes, which conditioned the peopleRead MoreAdolf Hitler And The Holocaust Essay1105 Words   |  5 PagesAdolf Hitler and the Holocaust. The Holocaust is the word used to describe the mass murder of approximately six million European Jews during Adolf Hitler’s rule in Germany. Among the Jews were also other groups described as â€Å"Sub-Humans† such as Gypsies, homosexuals, intellectually challenged, political prisoners and most Eastern Europeans. German lacked confidence in their weak system, the Weimer Republic. Adolf Hitler, the chairman of the Nazi Party by 1921, was a World War I veteran who still believedRead MoreAnti Semitism Is The Hatred And Persecution Of The Jews946 Words   |  4 PagesAnti-Semitism is the hatred and persecution of the Jews. It can be traced back to the 1800s in a mild form, but it continually increased until the Holocaust, in which millions of Jews were killed in concentration camps. There were several components which caused this increase in the hatred of Jews, such as religion or the economy. A major example of these components is the publication of The Protocols of the E lders of Zion. It was an entirely fictional piece of work, but people believed the bookRead More Anti-Semitism Essay1369 Words   |  6 PagesAnti-Semitism Discrimination and prejudice have been in our world for as long as humans have themselves. Discrimination has caused problems in societies all throughout history. But despite all of the terrible things that have happened because of prejudice and discrimination, it continues to live on in our world today. Anti-Semitism, prejudice against Jews, is a form of discrimination that has caused perhaps the most problems throughout history. Many people describe anti-Semitism as more thanRead More The Origins of the Holocaust Essay1547 Words   |  7 Pagesorigins of the Holocaust has been studied by scholars using several differing approaches. These interpretations are outlined by Donald Niewyk in The Holocaust as the long history of European anti-Semitism, the charismatic personality of Adolf Hitler and the influence of modern â€Å"scientific† racism or eugenics. These interpretations are illustrated in the works of John Weiss, Ian Kershaw, and Henry Friedlander. Niewyk uses Weiss to identify the interpretation of ancient anti-Semitism located throughout

Admission to the Masters of Accounting Program at the College Free Essays

I have faced a number of knotty situations in life. On one occasion, I was working with the ADA or the American Diabetes Association. We worked as two groups and our principal task was to count and reconcile the checks, cash and credit card donations, which used to arrive in large quantities. We will write a custom essay sample on Admission to the Masters of Accounting Program at the College or any similar topic only for you Order Now One day an older man joined our team. Then our troubles started. Till that time we had worked without any mutual misgivings or bickering. With the advent of this person, our time schedules and procedures went haywire. I studied the situation and realized that all this was due to his reluctance to follow the established procedure. Every one, in both the groups, was compelled to go home late, due to this person’s obduracy. All felt that he should be suitably reprimanded, but no one was willing to undertake this unpleasant task. The question that was foremost on every one’s mind was ‘who would bell the cat?’ I jumped into the fray and gently but firmly convinced him that what he was doing was unacceptable. He was happy with this way of communication, because I had talked to him in private, so that his pride was not hurt. This had the desired effect and we were able to complete the work in time. In addition, I was also the secretary of the African Cultural Society. I was instrumental in planning and implementing the IREP Africa program at the College of William Mary. This task entailed coordination between and interaction with a number of fellow students, faculty and departments. I emerged much stronger as a coordinator, facilitator and administrator after this novel experience. The professed objective of this program was to unite African student organizations in Virginia and to improve their relations with each other.   I actively participated in several campaigns to raise funds for the underprivileged in Africa and one of them was in respect of poverty stricken women of Uganda. A successful and efficient accountant is one who is reliable, thorough, ingenious, a seeker of solutions, well organized and performance oriented. Of these the most important is trustworthiness, because accountants, in addition to their usual work, have to offer reliable advice regarding the conduct of business in the present day economic and legal context. Moreover, if accounting standards are not adhered to, then the company stands the risk of having to close down. The Sarbanes Oxley Act was enacted in the year 2002, in order to deal with such eventualities. Another important trait of an accountant is attention to detail. I possess this in ample measure. This fact was disclosed in my tenure as the treasurer of the African Cultural Society, between the years 2006 to 2007; and as the Vice President of the Syndicate. In these tasks, I maintained authentic and comprehensive financial records. I reviewed the internal financial controls and ensured that the organization’s moneys were safe. This club has a number of advantages and I took up aggressive marketing to ensure that its membership increased. The lack of ethical and moral accounting practices in business organizations results in financial frauds. This was clearly established in the following cases.In the year 2001, Enron announced a net loss of $ 618 million for its third quarter and that it would reduce the shareholders’ equity by $ 1.2 billion. The SEC immediately stepped in and demanded financial information from Enron. The Enron team of Auditor’s lead by their leader Anderson systematically destroyed a large number of financial documents. Subsequently, the Enron officials and its auditors were charged and convicted of fraud. This company had engaged in malpractices relating to financial accounting, with the result that the company became bankrupt. To conceal its malafide practices, this company indulged in complicated accounting practices. This illustrates the fact that accounting has to be ethical, transparent and morally upright. The consequence of the Enron case was that the law relating to accountancy was made more stringent. However, more than even legislation; personal attitude, morality and ethical behavior should have greater influence. WorldCom was another company, which also attempted to camouflage its fraudulent activities by resorting to fudging of figures and falsification of financial reports. The procedure adopted by its accountants was less sophisticated than that of the Enron team; nevertheless, it committed a much greater fraud than Enron. However, these cases were not isolated incidents and proved to be merely the tip of the iceberg. Several more such fraudulent corporations were investigated by the Federal and state regulators. The principal among these are Adelphia, HealthSouth and Tyco, to name a few. I have a flair for leadership and I often volunteer to lead in various academic projects. Recently, I took over the reins of project, involving the formulation of a business plan to be presented to the board of directors. This project emerged as a huge success, despite the difficulties encountered, due to having to lead a team of peers. The team comprised of persons with different temperaments and it required a lot of innovativeness and ingenuity to extract the best from them. I have tremendous patience, as can be attested to by the students of the second grade, whom I teach as a volunteer teacher in the Waller Mill Elementary school, in Williamsburg. The foregoing incidents from my life reveal that I possess a high level of integrity, reliability, planning and implementing capacity, motivational skills, inspiration, ability to work in a team and patience. What are you hoping to achieve during your studies in the MAcc Program?   I will complete my Bachelor’s degree in accounting by the month of May, 2008. Subsequently, I intend to pursue the Masters of Accounting Program at the College of William and Mary’s School of Business. This course is truly outstanding and the faculty is the third best in the nation. Classes are typically small and informal. The emphasis is on acquiring expertise. The faculty is easily accessible, if one wants to clarify doubts. In conjunction with my considerable management and leadership skills, this knowledge in accountancy will render me highly suitable for obtaining the Certified Public Accountant license. My principal objective is to become a CPA. How to cite Admission to the Masters of Accounting Program at the College, Essays

Culture Essay Research Paper factories and steel free essay sample

Culture Essay, Research Paper mills and steel Millss, left behind to execute the occupations one time carried out by the soldiers who were abroad contending the war. After World War II, in-migration to the United States increased one time once more. Many people who had survived Nazi persecution in Europe fled to the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Culture Essay Research Paper factories and steel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Additionally, Chinese immigrants were come ining the state. A large building roar marked these old ages. The suburbs were turning quickly and the car industry was booming. Many of the Western European immigrants took occupations in building or in the fabrication workss. Until the 1960? s, most immigrants to the United States came from Europe. A major alteration occurred in 1965 with the lifting of national-origin quota limitations. Mexican immigrants began come ining the state. Immigrants from the Eastern Hemisphere were given visas to come in every bit good. Additionally, particular position was given to persons that possessed particular occupation accomplishments in short supply in the United States. The bulk of immigrants arrived from Asia or Latin America. Most have settled in California and the Southwest. Except for the Mexican immigrants, most of the immigrants from the Caribbean and Latin American settled along the East Coast, chiefly in Florida and New York. As in the yester year, the bulk of these immigrants worked in low-paying service industry or agricultural occupations. A big moving ridge of Cuban-American refugees seeking political refuge entered the state. Many settled in Miami and New York. During the 1960? s the state saw a major revenue enhancement cut and the unemployment rate bead. However, increased authorities disbursement brought about another recession in the 1970? s which would non be brought under control until the mid-1980? s. The early 1970? s marked the weakest U.S. economic system of the post-World War II epoch. Rising rising prices, unemployment and increased authorities disbursement marked the period. During the Carter Administration, the state was introduced to the term stagflation, a combination of stagnancy and rising prices. Petroleum monetary values multiplied. The rate of economic growing slowed down. Inflation increased quickly. When Ronald Reagan took office in 1981, he introduced Reaganomics, or lower revenue enhancements and increased end product. Reagan? s economic policy was based on the thought that investing in industry and consumer disbursement would finally increase revenue enhancement grosss. The Gulf War and increased revenue enhancements in order to cut down the federal shortage marked the Bush Era. During this clip, 100s of 1000s of immigrants entered the state as a consequence of indulgent in-migration Torahs. However, many of these more recent immigrants were good educated. Many immigrants have high degrees of scholastic accomplishments and their kids have prospered from the American public schools. Today, during the Clinton Administration, the state is basking a flourishing economic system. The unemployment rate is at a record depression and immigrants are one time once more determining the economic system. Many immigrants are working in takin g border technological occupations in an information-age economic system. Companies in Silicon Valley, California have reduced the monetary value of computing machine MIPs and memory spots by a factor of some 10,000 in 2? decennaries. Over tierce of the work force in Silicon Valley is made up of immigrants. Cultural alterations and economic conditions give manner to anti-immigration sentiment in this state sporadically. The most recent reachings may see greater trouble in happening occupations than those at the bend of the century, a clip of dining industry and unmechanised farms. One can non assist but observe, however, that our state continues to be a state of immigrants. Our economic system will go on to be shaped, nevertheless straight or indirectly, by the go oning influx of immigrants. It is this cultural diverseness that has helped determine the state since the beginning. 1. Rottenberg, Annette T. ; Elementss of Argument, ? 1997 by Bedford Books 2. Slavin, Stephen L. ; Macroeconomicss, ? 1999 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 3. ? Fundamental law of the United States, ? Microsoft Encarta 98 Encyclopedia? 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation 4. ? Confederate States of America, ? Microsoft Encarta 98 Encyclopedia?

Frankenstein and Blade Runner Essay Example

Frankenstein and Blade Runner Essay The conceptual focus of a composer principally arises from their contextual worlds, sourced from the imbedded interconnectivity of literature and society. As such, appreciations of the social, political and cultural factors influencing a composer’s compositions are critical in perceiving the ultimate purpose of any text. In spite of contextual divergences however, representations of humanity remain timelessly universal; chiefly demonstrated through the comparative study of Mary Shelleys Gothic novel Frankenstein, and Ridley Scotts 1992 sci-fi film-noir Blade Runner: The Directors Cut. Shelley’s Frankenstein, showcasing clashing ideological constructs of the Enlightenment Era and Romanticists, and Scott’s Blade Runner, appraising post-modern industrialisation and mechanisation of human life, place extensive fixations upon rampant scientific progress and humankind’s desideratum for omnipotent supremacy; resulting in a timeless delving into human identity, an d heightened understanding of both texts. By imbuing their representations of hubristic scientific exploitations with contextual disparagements, Shelley and Scott timelessly criticise rampant scientific transgression. In Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein’s initial â€Å"enthusiasm† in infusing â€Å"a spark of being† upon â€Å"lifeless matter† microcosmically reflects 17th century preoccupations with â€Å"electricity and galvanism† and the perpetual human obsession with â€Å"the cause of generation and life†. Victor’s psychological torture confrontingly alludes to the Promethean myth, with his Faustian exploration into â€Å"the principle of life† and desire to â€Å"banish disease from the human frame† ironically spawning a ‘diseased’ inclination to â€Å"plunge into the silent lake†. This places didactic emphasis on Frankenstein and Frankenstein’s contextual admonition of â€Å"godlike science†; â€Å"Learn from me how dan gerous is the acquirement of knowledge†. Throug We will write a custom essay sample on Frankenstein and Blade Runner specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Frankenstein and Blade Runner specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Frankenstein and Blade Runner specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Free Essays on Four Freedoms

From â€Å"The Four Freedoms,† delivered by Franklin Delano Roosevelt, January 6, 1941 Yes, and we must prepare, all of us prepare, to make the sacrifices that the emergency almost as serious as war itself demands. Whatever stands in the way of speed and efficiency in defense, in defense preparations at any time, must give way to the national need. A free nation has the right to expect full cooperation from all groups. A free nation has the right to look to the leaders of business, of labor and of agriculture to take the lead in stimulating effort, not among other groups but within their own groups. The best way of dealing with the few slackers or trouble-makers in our midst is, first, to shame them by patriotic example, and if that fails, to use the sovereignty of government to save government. As men do not live by bread alone, they do not fight by armaments alone. Those who man our defenses and those behind them who build our defenses must have the stamina and the courage which come from unashakeable belief in the manner of life which they are defending. The mighty action that we are calling for cannot be based on a disregard of all the things worth fighting for. The nation takes great satisfaction and much strength from the things which have been done to make its people conscious of their individual stake in the preservation of democratic life in America. Those things have toughened the fiber of our people, have renewed their faith and strengthened their devotion to the institutions we make ready to protect. Certainly this is no time for any of us to stop thinking about the social and economic problems which are the root cause of the social revolution which is today a supreme factor in the world. For there is nothing mysterious about the foundations of a healthy and strong democracy. The basic things expected by our people of their political and economic systems are simple. They are : Equality of opport... Free Essays on Four Freedoms Free Essays on Four Freedoms From â€Å"The Four Freedoms,† delivered by Franklin Delano Roosevelt, January 6, 1941 Yes, and we must prepare, all of us prepare, to make the sacrifices that the emergency almost as serious as war itself demands. Whatever stands in the way of speed and efficiency in defense, in defense preparations at any time, must give way to the national need. A free nation has the right to expect full cooperation from all groups. A free nation has the right to look to the leaders of business, of labor and of agriculture to take the lead in stimulating effort, not among other groups but within their own groups. The best way of dealing with the few slackers or trouble-makers in our midst is, first, to shame them by patriotic example, and if that fails, to use the sovereignty of government to save government. As men do not live by bread alone, they do not fight by armaments alone. Those who man our defenses and those behind them who build our defenses must have the stamina and the courage which come from unashakeable belief in the manner of life which they are defending. The mighty action that we are calling for cannot be based on a disregard of all the things worth fighting for. The nation takes great satisfaction and much strength from the things which have been done to make its people conscious of their individual stake in the preservation of democratic life in America. Those things have toughened the fiber of our people, have renewed their faith and strengthened their devotion to the institutions we make ready to protect. Certainly this is no time for any of us to stop thinking about the social and economic problems which are the root cause of the social revolution which is today a supreme factor in the world. For there is nothing mysterious about the foundations of a healthy and strong democracy. The basic things expected by our people of their political and economic systems are simple. They are : Equality of opport...

Characteristics of a Leader

There are certain characteristic found in some people. It is just that, they put them in a position where people looked up to as a leader. People often say ‘ He or she is a born leader’. Whether in fact a person is born a leader or develop skills and abilities to become a good leader is open for debate. There are some clear characteristics that are found in good leaders. These qualities can be developed and naturally is the part of their personality. Firstly, a good leader must have a positive attitude. This quality is a required not just for a leader but everybody. However, this is specially necessary for a leader. A leader needs to be positive and motivate his team, in times that are hard and times that are brutal. When times are tough and his team is absolutely down, when times are really frustrating, a leader is the who carries his team and his organization forward and that is what a leader needs to do look at the bright side of each and everything. Besides a good leader must be a good listener. This is because a good leader needs to listen to her followers. She needs to get feedback on a regular basis, open her eyes and ears and keep listening. Now a word of caution. Listening does not mean to blindly follow and accept everything that is said and shown. What goes hand in hand is listening. This also helps her followers to express theirs feeling or even to speak their rights. The quality which a leader should possess is intelligence and alertness. A leader has to use his brain every time and also has to remain  Ã‚   alert with   eyes and ears open otherwise he could easily be carried by any fraud or enemy. Many a times we see such situations around us, where a person in trouble or problem doesn’t hesitate in blaming and embarrassing even his closest friend to save himself, and also does not bother about his friends at all because the person has to get rid of his problems anyhow. So, he just thinks about himself and his life,   the life of other does not matter to him much. Some people have a misconception that only those people who are physically strong can become good leaders, but this is not the fact. A leader may not be physically strong but he needs to be mentally strong and firm in decisions. For example, Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation was the greatest leader but he was active and had a firm desire to serve the Nation. He had the power of organizing and uniting people and attracting people towards him by his speeches. This is the best quality of a leader which he had in him. We can also say that, a person who can satisfy the basic psychological needs of his followers can also be an effective leader. A leader must have average character . There are no perfect people, but for a leader to be considered good, they must have a character that is unquestioned within the organization. Leadership always draws criticism from someone, so a leader may not be able to get everyone to believe in him or her, but the people who know the leader best should trust the leader’s character. In a nutshell, a good leader must be faithful to his group members and activities. This in turn, will result in an atmosphere of assurance among the followers. Having faith in self abilities and the world around him , the leader gains inspiration and also inspires others in the process.

Evidence-based Practice in Healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Evidence-based Practice in Healthcare - Essay Example It is now a nursing competence criterion to rely on and implement best evidence available from relevant research to devise the care plan. This is expected to base on critical review of research and synthesis of evidence which can be used to justify practice (Simko, 2005). Mantzoukas (2008) indicated that evidence based practice leads to effective decision making leading to enhanced clinical performance. A literature review with a critical approach is considered to be the best method of synthesizing evidence. This means a critique of scientific research based literature can reveal evidence which can be used in practice (Mantzoukas, 2008). To this end, a critique of literatures on the topic of nursing methods of postoperative pain management will be conducted, so an evidence base may be created that can inform practice. A critique of relevant literature can provide information on a clinical problem through the use of research knowledge. This can be done through location of relevant studies, review of the studies in the problem area, summarizing what is known, identifying what is unknown, and recognising the gaps in the knowledge. Thus the critique can support or refute practice or identify a new way of intervention (Scott & McSherry, 2009). Miaskowski (2005) indicated that effective postoperative management of pain is a significant clinical problem. Although there are established clinical practice guidelines, it is a fact that postoperative pain is often treated inadequately. Some studies have indicated that despite receiving analgesic management, about 75% of the patients have moderate to severe postoperative pain. In most of the cases, it has been demonstrated that the healthcare professionals often underestimate pain. In some cases, inadequate knowledge of the healthcare professionals about opioid use and side effects has been attributed to such gaps in postoperative pain management (Miaskowski, 2005). Moreover, there are certain very prominent ill effects of inadequate postoperative pain management, which can be detrimental to the wellbeing of the patient. Some of these substantiate the need for evidence based practice in this area. These are prolonged recovery, increased stay and cost, and decreased patient satisf action (Michel & Sanders, 2002). Physiologically, inadequate resolution of postoperative pain is also not desirable due to adverse physiological responses of the patient, which specially in postoperative phase may make the recovery problematic. Therefore, there is a need for evidence based practice, and critique of relevant research articles and synthesis of information could be the best way (Tracy, Dufault, Kogut, Martin, Rossi, & Willey-Temkin, 2006). Literature Search Strategy From the University database and library, a literature search was conducted based on the key words "postoperative pain", "postoperative pain management", "nursing", and "best methods" or "best practice." A combination of words were used to search the literature, and out of about 100 different studies located, only three of them were selected for this critical review in order to synthesize the evidence. Literature Review Shapiro et al. (2003) in their study compared the analgesic efficacy of three different methods in postoperative

Short Stories Reflecting Issues in Marriage Essay

Short Stories Reflecting Issues in Marriage - Essay Example In addition, the stories act as peripheries outlining the boundaries of what ambitious women should indulge in, to avoid disgrace or even death. The two stories speak of their main characters’ dreams and aspirations and vividly describe them as they think about their respective dreams. The main characters are both women, married and facing different dilemmas but somehow are related, considering that their problems are about their desires. To Chopin’s Mrs. Mallard, her dream was the satisfaction of an emotional and psychological need while de Maupassant’s Mrs. Loisel dreamed of physical needs which were quite trivial as compared to that of Mrs. Mallard’s. How the stories were told and how the characters were exposed are interesting angles for readers to consider in looking more deeply into the meanings of the stories. The Story of an Hour is narrated by a third person, picturing the life of a woman married to a man who was not mentioned to have abused her i n any way, rather treated their marriage life as dictated by norms. Women during the time of the setting were known to be housekeepers, left to attend to children and the household chores. To Mrs. Mallard, the task of staying home was an imposing feature of the male in the house and society; making her feel like a prisoner. This statement is supported by the words of the woman saying â€Å"Free, free† and in addition, kept whispering, â€Å"Free! Body and soul, free!† This shows that Mrs. Mallard had a longing for freedom which the expectations of people from wives, have silenced during the time of her marriage with her supposedly dead husband. The Necklace, on the other hand, narrates the story on the third person also, of a woman who longed for what the elite French represented. Being beautiful, Madame Loisel, the main character in the story dreamed of things she thought she was worthy to have. Unluckily, she was born in a family of artisans and was married to a cler k who was not able to provide her whims. Her longings, as opposed to that of Mrs. Mallard’s, are of the trivial things like good food, expensive clothing, and jewelry. Invited to a ball which she always dreamed of attending, she forced her husband to provide for a dress that would suit the occasion and her desires. When presented with the problem of jewelry, the husband suggested her to borrow from her friend which she did. Eventually, they were presented with the conflict to resolve and that is, to replace the borrowed necklace as soon as possible, which got lost when they were going home from the ball. With their little means, the husband had to borrow money to produce the payment of a similar jewelry which caused them to be deeply in debt and made them live through hard work for ten years. The style of de Maupassant in telling his story was quite direct, introducing the character with descriptions that created an image of the woman without letting the reader need some imag inations in understanding the character.

Martins Luther King Jr. Strugle for Racial Segregation and Civil Rights Essay Example for Free

Martins Luther King Jr. Strugle for Racial Segregation and Civil Rights Essay Martin Luther King Jr. was one of the most important figures within the fields of politics and non-violent activism of the 20th century. King was born on 15th of January 1929 in the city of Atlanta within the boundaries of the state of Georgia. Originally Martin Luther King Jr. as named after his father as Michael King, although his father who was also named after Michael King after visiting the Nazi Germany in order to attend the Fifth Baptist World Alliance Congress in Berlin he found himself been inspired by a German reformer called Martin Luther, so he decided to change both his name and his son’s name into Martin Luther King and Martin Luther King Jr. respectively. King was the middle child of the family having a younger brother Alfred Daniel Williams King and an older sister Willie Christine King. As a reference to his education he attended Booker T. Washington High school, also it is stated that he was a precocious student as he skipped two grades the ninth and the twelfth and entered Morehouse College at the early age of fifteen. He graduated College in 1948 and enrolled in Crozer Theological Seminary in Chester which he graduated with a B. Div. degree in 1951. Meanwhile in 1953 he married Correta Scott and eventually became a father of four children Yolanda King, Martin Luther King III, Dexter Scott King, and Bernice King. Thereupon he became a pastor of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery in 1954; he began his doctoral degree course in Systematic Theology at Boston University and graduated receiving his Ph. D. degree in 1955 with a dissertation on A Comparison of the Conceptions of God in the Thinking of Paul Tillich and Henry Nelson Wieman. Although an academic observation which was held in 1991 concluded that parts of his dissertation were plagiarized but the committee decided that his degree shouldn’t be revoked. As a remark Martin Luther King Jr. was strongly influenced by religion (as it was natural, as been a Christian Minister since 1947) more specifically he was influenced by Jesus Christ and the Christian Gospels from which he frequently used quotes in his public speeches, he was also inspired from Mahatma Gandhi’s non-violent activist action. In April of 1959 he made a desired for him as it was stated trip to India with the assistance of the American Friends Service Committee, it has to be mentioned that the trip affected King in a profound way and helped him deepen his knowledge and understanding in non-violent resistance and his commitment to the America’s struggle for civil rights, as he stated the last day of his trip to India in a local radio, King said: â€Å"Since being in India, I am more convinced than ever before that the method of non-violent resistance is the most potent weapon available to oppressed people in their struggle for justice and human dignity. The â€Å"Fight† Against Segregation It all started back in 1955 in Montgomery, Alabama, Claudette Colvin an African- American girl which in fact was under aged unmarried pregnant girl refused to give up her seat to a white man. At that point King was a member of the Birmingham African-American community and also a member of the committee which looked into the case but it was decided that they should wait for a better case to pursue. Their patience yielded. On December 1, 1955 an other African-American girl called Rosa Sparks also refused to give up her seat, back on that date the buses rows were â€Å"separated†, white people should seat on the front rows and the African-American people should seat on the back rows of the busses seats, as natural at some point the two â€Å"different† categories of passengers would meet. At that point the bus’s seats were all occupied and according to Jim Crow laws the following African-American passengers that would board on the bus were required to stand. It was exactly what they were waiting for, and soon after Rosa was arrested the Montgomery Bus Boycott broke out, it lasted 385 days. The whole Boycott issue turned out as a huge victory, although during the campaign a bombing attack was made against King’s house and he was also arrested. As a result the United States District Court in Browder v. Gayle case ended the racial segregation in all Montgomery public busses. After the Montgomery Bus Boycott King’s contribution to the result transformed him into a national figure and he was also off the record declared the best-known spokesman of the civil-rights movement. The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) Soon after the Montgomery lowdown King, Ralph Abernathy, and other civil rights activists founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). The group was created in order to saddle the moral authority and organizing power of black churches to conduct non-violent protests in the service of civil rights reform, King led the SCLC until his death. In 1962 SCLC joins Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in the Albany Movement which was stated to be the first major non-violent campaign of SCLC. The Albany movement was a desegregation movement which was formed by local activist organizations, the SNCC and the National Association for the Advanced of Colored People (NAACP). The movement’s leader was William G. Anderson. During the period of King’s involvement with the Albany movement he was arrested twice, once in a mass arrest on 15th December of 1961 and in July of 1962. Although it has to be mentioned that King had been criticized by SNCC, they’ve even given him a snide nickname â€Å"De Lawd†, because as they claimed he maintained a safe distance from challenges that had to deal with Jim Crow laws. Birmingham Campaign Soon after the incidents in Albany the Birmingham campaign came to light. Birmingham campaign was a movement organized by SCLC and led by Martin Luther King Jr. and others. In the spring of 1963 the operation of the Birmingham campaign was at its peak, including widely publicized controversies between black young people and white civic authorities and eventually led the municipal government to change the citys discrimination laws. A fact that can’t remain unnoticed as during the early 60s Birmingham was one of the most racially divided cities in the United States. Ultimately Birmingham movement was defined as a model of direct action protest, as it effectively shut down the city through a boycott and a series of sit-ins and marches, and drew the world’s attention to racial segregation in the South. Also it is stated that it paved the way for the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Great March on Washington After the Birmingham campaign the SCLC called for massive protests in Washington DC to push for new civil rights legislation that would outlaw segregation nation-wide which turned to be an unparalleled success. The Great march on Washington claimed the title of one of the largest political rallies for human rights in the United State’s history, as the estimated number of participants varies from 200,000 to 300,000 and still remained non-violent, the 80% of the participants were estimated to be black and the rest were white and other non-black minorities. Also the city was swarmed by more than 2,000 buses, 21 special trains, 10 chartered aircrafts and uncountable personal vehicles. But the march was stigmatized by the King’s famous â€Å"I have a dream† speech. King began his speech with the emancipation of the slaves, issued by Abraham Lincoln and concludes that even though blacks were freed from slavery they still aren’t free. Then he raised the matter of the unkept promise of America to the Civil Rights Union for the continued pursuit of justice as racial segregation still existed. Finally he promotes black people to keep on fighting for their rights in non-violent ways as he believed that violence would lead to a cycle of fighting, unnecessary death and cruelty. The Poor People’s Campaign and the opposition to the Vietnam War In 1965 Martin Luther King Jr. egan to express his doubts about the Vietnam War in public. On 4th April 1967 he delivered a speech at the New York City Riverside Church titled â€Å"Beyond Vietnam: A time to break silence. † In which he expressed his objection to the role of the United States in the Vietnam War, mentioning that United States was in Vietnam â€Å"to occupy it as an American colony† and called the US government â€Å"the greatest purveyor of violence in the world today. † He also connected the Vietnam War with economic injustice based on the fact that the US government was spending more and more on the military and less and less on anti-poverty programs. He summed up this aspect by saying:† A nation that continues year after year to spend more money on military defense than on programs of social uplift is approaching spiritual death. Almost a year later in 1968 King organized the â€Å"Poor Peoples Campaign† in order to raise the matter of economic injustice; King crossed the whole country in order to assemble a multiracial army of poor people in order to march on Washington DC and engage in a non-violent civil disobedience at the Capitol until Congress created an economic bill of rights for poor Americans. The campaign culminated in a march on Washington, D. C. , demanding economic aid to the poorest communities of the United States. The reconnaissance King was awarded at least fifty honorary degrees from colleges and universities. On October 14, 1964, King became the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, which was awarded to him for leading non-violent resistance to racial prejudice in the U. S. In 1965, he was awarded the American Liberties Medallion by the American Jewish Committee for his exceptional advancement of the principles of human liberty. In his acceptance remarks, King said, Freedom is one thing. You have it all or you are not free. In 1957, he was awarded the Spingarn Medal from the NAACP. Two years later, he won the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award for his book Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story. In 1966, the Planned Parenthood Federation of America awarded King the Margaret Sanger Award for his courageous resistance to bigotry and his lifelong dedication to the advancement of social justice and human dignity. Also in 1966, King was elected as a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was posthumously awarded a Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for his Why I Oppose the War in Vietnam in 1971. In 1977, the Presidential Medal of Freedom was posthumously awarded to King by President Jimmy Carter, who stated: Martin Luther King, Jr. , was the conscience of his generation. He gazed upon the great wall of segregation and saw that the power of love could bring it down. From the pain and exhaustion of his fight to fulfill the promises of our founding fathers for our humblest citizens, he wrung his eloquent statement of his dream for America. He made our nation stronger because he made it better. His dream sustains us yet. More than 730 cities in the United States have streets named after King. King County, Washington rededicated its name in his honor in 1986, and changed its logo to an image of his face in 2007. The city government center in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, is named in honor of King. King is remembered as a martyr by the Episcopal Church in the United States of America (feast day April 4) and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (feast day January 15).

A Sense of Proportion Essay -- British Empire, Conflict, War

More English soldiers died in the Great War than in any other British Empire conflict. Under the best of circumstances, this would have been a difficult burden to bear. Moreover, the manner of fighting shattered all romantic notions of noble and gallant warfare - there is nothing noble or gallant about trench warfare or poison gas. Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway is a novel that speaks to belated trauma and the cruelty of failing to face its realities. Much of this sentiment is expressed by the futile struggles of Septimus Smith, a psychologically maimed soldier who has returned from the Western Front. And, while feeling incapable of love contributes to Septimus’s demise, the immediate cause is the intensely evil conduct demonstrated by his doctor, Sir William Bradshaw. Septimus suffers from both a frozen heart and a stricken soul. Since his return from the war , now married for five years to Rezia from Milan, his life has been increasingly drab and unfulfilling, struggling as always to make sense of things, but without real success, except for some sporadic moments of clarity and self understanding. His mind and heart remain captives of his war sufferings, which he never really rises above. His affliction is ever-present and all encompassing regardless of where he happens to be or what he happens to be doing. Even his relationship with his wife appears to be null and non-existent, content as he is, he appears: â€Å"to talk to himself, to talk to a dead man, on the seat over there† (65). Septimus’s shell-shocked condition deteriorates so much in his postwar setting: â€Å"he descends another step into the pit†¦he dropped his head on his hands. Now he had surrendered; now other people must help him† (90). Dr. Holmes, a kindly, amia... ... gone to Sir William for a consultation. Her earlier experience with Sir William now connects her to Septimus and also validates the Smith’s fears in dealing with Sir William. Sir William, for Clarissa, is a messenger of terrible news. â€Å"Oh! Thought Clarissa, in the middle of my party, here’s death, she thought† (183). Sir William is for her a sinister and menacing force, and the sight of him â€Å"curls her up† (182). She recognizes him as an â€Å"extraordinary able† (183) doctor, but â€Å"yet to her obscurely evil, without sex or lust, extremely polite to women, but capable of some indescribable outrage – forcing your soul, that was it†(184). In Septimus, Clarissa not only sees her own mortality, but also feels a fleeting and fragile human existence which questions sin, guilt, evil, death, and redemption. Sir William is clearly the novel’s metaphor for evil par excellence.

A Study On Customer Attitude Towards Online Shopping

Abstract:The technological development with respect to internet has given a new dimension to marketing. Online customers are increasing and the virtual marketers realize the importance of customer oriented approach. This online facility benefits the users to gain in depth information about the product and to compare and evaluate the products offered by various suppliers. To conduct an empirical investigation a survey was conducted to collect data and was analyzed and interpreted using SPSS.A questionnaire was developed based on the objective of the study. The factors facilitating online shopping were measured on a five point Likert Scale. It was very clear from the study that security was the main concern and the users also mentioned about the absence of physical handling of the products in online shopping. At the same time many users felt that it was very convenient and cost effective.IntroductionOnline shopping has been growing because of the technological advancement, convenience, better purchasing capacity and the availability of different search engines and easier payment modes. The availability of the quality of the information, various brands and products enable the customers to make a choice from a wider market. Customers come across different types of risks in online shopping and they may not opt for internet marketing.With the advent of the internet , online shopping has gained immense popularity . The ease and convenience of shopping from anywhere in the world without having a physical visit to any shopping mall, has made online shopping or e-shopping an indispensable facility for many people.Internet marketing tools such as e-mail marketing, blogs, face book,  twitter, MMS, SMS and webisodes ( webisodes are created to enable the customers to visit the sites repeatedly and thus converting them into brand loyal customers) make it easier for the marketers to reach to their customers. They also combine the various marketing activities such as advertis ing, online campaigns and other public relations to create product awareness.In a constantly changing world of today, where past is replaced by dynamic present and the dynamic present is replaced by more challenging future, the old ways of doing things is no longer valid thus a new technology brings with it not only the potential for success but also a good design , its value to its users, ultimate use and acceptability. The current situation of shopping is changing due to globalization, technical innovations and market saturation.The intensity of competition increases due to new products and services as well as the entrance of competitors from other industries. The continuously growing educational standards and the opportunity to gather information induce enormous changes in customer behavior.Consumer attitude towards e-shopping is s a new strategic marketing and the information available influences customer attitude positively. The advent of web technology constitutes a new medium of commerce which puts the customer in a position to directly and quickly interact with the web services.The empirical study will find whether online shopping will gain importance and its use will accelerate at a faster rate in the coming years. Thus the study concludes that the online shopping is more cost effective and less time consuming. The study also confirms that there is a willingness and readiness on the part of the users to go ahead with such technological sophistications or improvements.However in certain respects the users felt online payments system lacks in security and it caters to the needs of the educated mass and felt that it may not be of any use where the physical  handling of the product becomes important. A few users felt that shopping means a family affair and a few felt that they enjoy their shopping with friends. In such cases e-shopping may not be too interesting under certain field of marketing. This study covers the key areas related to internet market ing and the customers attitude towards shopping using internet.Literature ReviewThe researcher has made an attempt to present the reviews of available studies which consists of articles and other research papers in the related areas. The study revealed the customers’ perceptions and characteristics that influences customers attitudes toward online shopping. An earlier study conducted by Ghose (1998) predicted that the internet may be an important channel for marketing. Another study has revealed that the fear of security system in online shopping due to credit card fraud has been one of the major reasons for customers avoiding online shopping. (Ratnasingham 1998).A study by Palumbo and Herbig (1998) suggested that in coming years internet may offer cost effective and sophisticated tools for online advertising, sales promotion and placing orders and communicating with their customers all over the world. The study of Walters and Lancaster (1999) revealed that the internet offer s direct links with customers and suppliers and facilitates transactions processes and information transfer at a faster pace.Jayawardhena and Foley (2000) identified that convenience, site design and financial security are the dominant factors in customers assessment of e-satisfaction. A study by Torre and Moxon ( 2001), concluded that many companies have adopted internet for conducting business transactions and sharing business information with their customers. The study made by Thomas S.H. Teo (2001) revealed the linkage between the use variables such as age, gender,income, education and internet usage established the relationship of internet usage with respect to surfing , mailing, chatting and messaging.A study by Ranganatham and Ganapathy(2002) revealed that the safety, security and privacy of  websites have a greater impact on the intention of the customers do go for online transactions. The most important reason for internet users to avoid online shopping is its security. K een et al (2002) found that demographic factors such as age, gender, education and income has a significant effect on the attitude of the consumers towards online shopping and also revealed that educated internet users are more comfortable to go for online shopping. Benedict et al 2004 found from their study that the need to touch, feel, smell or ability to try a product influences customers decision whether or not to shop online. One of the main reasons for which customers hesitate to shop online is that online shoppers are unable to touch the real products in order to evaluate the quality.Different types of online buyers have different evaluations of website design and website reliability but similar perception of website security (Shegill and Chen 2005) . Nearly 70% of web users use internet for sending and receiving emails, surfing, chatting and messaging . India was ranked fourth after US, China and Japan in terms of internet users by Computer Industry Almanac in 2005. A study by Collier and Bienstock (2006 ) identified product delivery as an important factor that influences online customers satisfaction and future purchase intention.Online purchase intentions and influences of personal attitudes were similar for males and females. (Yu-Bin Chiu, Chieu-Peng Lin Taiwan and Ling Lang Tang ) Customers showed interest in products like cars, computers, mobiles apparel and also services such as ticketing, health management and tourism management. Approximately 10 percent of the world’s population use online shopping has been shown in Online Consumer Opinion Survey of AC Neilsen. Ebay Pay Pal has been established as pay sources for various online purchase that includes air , rail and movie tickets , electronic items and apparels Taylor Nelson Sofres refers in the Third Annual Global E-commerce report that e-shopping in India includes a variety of products such as  books, apparels and electronic items.Factors including competitive cost, better customer se rvice and other demographic considerations have helped the marketing industry to soar to greater heights. The development of information technology and the growth of the communication network has opened new horizons in the world of marketing . This has enabled the customer to enter into a new technological development called e-tailing. This e-shopping enables the customer to benefit from the pool of information , product comparison, cost effectiveness and various other offers from its suppliers and thus making a better choice of product.Research MethodologyA pilot study was conducted among fifteen people consisting of neighbors, students and colleagues to evaluate how well the questionnaire was framed and understood.Sampling DesignThe sample has been taken only from the IT industry and the education sector since they have the prior knowledge about internet browsing. A sample size of 240 was considered for the study. Respondents were selected by purposive and convenience sampling met hod for the study. The study uses exploratory research design and analyses the primary data to show customer attitude towards online shoppingThe primary data has been collected through a self administered and structured questionnaire. Questionnaires were given to different age group of people ranging between the age group of 25 to 50. The questions were framed in view of the main factors like Security, Reliability, Quality and Loyalty. The variables were measured against a five point Likert scale.Following the literature review Questionnaires were developed based on the literature to determine the behavioral pattern while purchasing  online. The questions were designed and presented in two different parts. Part I comprised of the respondents’ personal background such as age, gender, educational qualification , occupation and income per month. Part II enabled the respondents to furnish the factors that influenced them to buy the product online.The questionnaire was developed based on the observations of the researcher, review of the literature and consultations with the people on the same area of interest. The variables used in the study is also based on the review of the literature and the researches done by other researchers. The research objectives of the studyTo analyze the customer behavior pattern in on line shopping To understand the relevance of online shopping for retail products and services. To understand the views of the respondents about the retail and service industryStatistical AnalyticsData in this study were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (Version 19.0) and Amos (Version 19). Factor analysis is used to identify the load variables to the factors such as Security, Reliability, Quality and Loyalty. Further these factors are analyzed to identify the inter relationship among the factor using the path analysis.Data Analysis Frequency table of demographic profiles Table – 1 AGE Age GroupMale Female 25 – 3 04838 30 – 353930 35 – 403217 40 – 451908 45 – 500603 Total14496Table -2 EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION EducationMale Female UG7342 PG4124 PROFESSIONALS2116 RESEARCH ERS0914 TOTAL14496Table -3 HOUSEHOLD INCOME PER MONTH IncomeMale Female Less than 10,0002416 10,001 – 20,0004237 20,001 – 30,0004825 30,001 – 40,0001813 40,001 & above1205 Total14496Table -4 FREQUENCY OF USERS Frequency of usersMale Female Daily3728 Alternate days5134 Once in a week3823 Occasionally1811 TOTAL14496Table -5 ONLINE SHOPPING EXPERIENCE AND SATISFACTION Satisfied with online shoppingMaleFemale Yes10258 No 4238 Total14496From the Tables 1 – 5 the following inferences were observed. Out of the 240 respondents men accounted for 60% and women accounted for 40% of the total respondents . Out of the 240 respondents the age group between 25 – 30 years represents 36% of the respondents and the age group between 30 – 35 represents 28% of the total  re spondents Out of 240 respondents, household income per month of Rs 10,001 – Rs 20,000 represent 33% of the respondents and income of Rs20,001 – 30,000 represents 30.4% of the total respondents.Out of 240 respondents holding Post graduate and above degrees represents 52% of the respondents and professional degree holders represent 15% and researcher scholars include 9% of the total respondents. Around 87.5% of the males use online services at least once a week while 88% of the females are online service once a weeks. About 71% males experienced satisfaction in online shopping while 60% females experienced satisfaction in online shopping.Hypothesis testing: The following are the findings of the hypothesis testing using chi-square through SPSS. Result 1: There is association between age and online shoppingResult 2: There is association between monthly family income and online shoppingResult 3: There is association between frequency of internet use and online shoppingResul t 4: Educational qualification and online shopping are relatedAround 82 % of the respondents felt that internet shopping was available 24Ãâ€"7 and it could be done from any place. They also expressed the convenience of home delivery at a cheaper price. A few respondents felt t hat it enabled them to engage themselves in other activities while shopping since extensive information was available online in different fields. However around 78% respondents felt t hat the payment gateway is not secure and they were under constant insecurity of their credit card information being hacked.They also said that it lacks the physical touch of the product and thus they were unable to judge the quality of the product. A few respondents felt that the absence of social interaction made online shopping a less interesting way of shopping. A few elders felt that  they didn’t have a credit card to use the internet shopping. One should accept the fact that though e- shopping is slowly increasing in India it doesn’t keep pace with the increase in global marketing.Many Indian customers do not use internet market due to their fear factor and the apprehension about the quality of the goods that they may receive. With increase of the secured payment gateways and the use of SSL ( Secure Socket Layers) which enables a safe transfer of private documents via internet may allow the e-marketing industry to flourish in the coming years.2.3 Factor AnalysisThe following table shows the various variables that were considered in the study. Table – 6Q1I trust the brand of the product Q2Novelty and innovation in the product Q3Delivery of the product is shipped to a wrong destination Q4My credit or debit card information can be misused Q5Product delivered on time Q6Shipping cost and FOB are clear Q7On line transaction is interrupted due to virus transmission Q8Product quality cannot be judged without physical touch Q9Extensive information about the product Q10Payment process is not safe Q11After sales services are not maintained Q12Goods delivered in good condition Q13Online customer satisfaction Q14Product packaging Q15Lack of knowledge about the stock in hand Q16Wider range of product line Q17Duplication of transaction due to network failures Q18Home delivery Q19Price list and discount offer are clear Q20Availability 24Ãâ€"7Table -7 KMO and Bartlett's TestKaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy..837 Bartlett's Test of SphericityApprox. Chi-Square3709.515 df190 Sig..000The KMO measure of sampling shows that 84% infers that the sampling procedure is good and this leads to factor analysis.Table 8 Extraction Method – Principal Component AnalysisQ210.894964 Q110.883193 Q1010.826436 Q1310.813798 Q1210.807486 Q1410.798794 Q1810.788084 Q1910.766677 Q910.751079 Q1110.74923 Q1610.726154 Q1710.69611 Q810.670899 Q1510.657976 Q510.649796 Q2010.573682 Q410.560741 Q610.478726 Q310.439737 Q710.434629From the scree plot we confirm that the four factors S ecurity (F1), Reliability (F2), Quality (F3), Loyalty (F4) can be formed.Table – 9Component 1234 Q11.772 Q8.755 Q12.753 Q5.744 Q17.685 Q10.666 Q4.661 Q7.656 Q15.639 Q3.607 Q6 .830 Q20 .787 Q9 .779 Q16 .582 Q19 .568 Q13 .876 Q18 .814 Q14 .789 Q2 .930 Q1 .924 Table – 10Rotated Component Matrix(a)Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization. a Rotation converged in 8 iterations.Table -11 Transformation MatrixComponent1234 1.795.494.342.085 2-.420.404.198.789 3-.097-.450.887-.044 4.427-.625-.241.608 Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.Path Analysis diagram is drawn and from the diagram it indicates that the variables are factored as follws.This diagram shows that in Factor 1 Security the following variables are identified. Q17Duplication of transaction due to network failures Q10Payment process is not safe Q4My credit or debit card information can be misus ed Q7On line transaction is interrupted due to virus transmission Q15Lack of knowledge about the stock in hand Q3Delivery of the product is shipped to a wrong destination Q11After sales services are not maintained Q8Product quality cannot be judged without physical touch Q12Goods delivered in good condition Q5Product delivered on timeThe following variables are identified by Factor2Q16Wider range of product line Q19Price list and discount offer are clear Q6Shipping cost and FOB are clear Q20Availability 24Ãâ€"7 Q9Extensive information about the productThe following variables are identified by Factor 3Q13Online customer satisfaction Q14Product packaging Q18Home deliveryThe following variables are identified by Factor 4Q1I trust the brand of the product Q2Novelty and innovation in the productScope for further Research and Suggestion Several types of viral marketing can be studied with relevance to viral marketing for retail products in India. This study is restricted to Chennai and i t can be further extended to other metropolitan cities as a comparative study for future research.ConclusionThe study revealed that the customer were more willing to use internet for the services rather than the products. Most of them were content with rail booking through online however a few felt that booking air tickets were little more expensive since the travel agents were able to give better competitive ticket fare. The study also revealed that internet is less time consuming and more cost effective. Many were of the opinion that while travelling to new places they were very comfortable to find the details of places, accommodation and food.They were also able to make a better choice by comparison the prices offered and the kind of the service provided. Even though in many hospitals online booking was available many felt that it was easier to call and fix up and appointment rather than doing it thro online. However they felt that many foreigners take up the treatment by using t he internet. People were also keen on placing orders for health care products like Amway. Another factor that influenced the buyers was the physical touch of the product.Though there may be a larger range of products to select from, the n on disclosure of all the information about the product may pose a threat to the web users. Moreover the browsing speed, connectivity , power shut down and other technical problem may further crb the growth of internet marketing. The most important factor that prevents the growth of the online marketing is the safety and security .The fear of their debit/credit card being misused and the lack of information posted in their respective web sites post a major threat for the customers. A The online transactions doesn’t allow for a social network or a pleasant family outing and in practice the expectations of the customers is to shop with friends and family and such an expectation may not be fulfilled in online shopping.SuggestionsBrands should mo nitor the cyberspace for unauthorized use of their brand names. The companies should have policies and procedures that enable them to remove the web sites that violate the copyright laws. They should also educate their customers about the risks of buying from unauthorized sources and should have a consortium to report suspicious goods and sellers.

Stem Cell Research Persuasive Speech

I. Introduction: A. Thesis: I'm here today to convince you that we should continue to use stem cell research treat human disease and abnormalities. B. Claims: 1. Claim 1: To begin, stem cells have the ability cure thousands of people. 2. Claim 2: I'll show you that the potential of stem cells are endless and committing to research can only prove so much more. 3. Claim 3: Finally, I'll also explain to you how the plasticity of stem cells can treat such a wide range of disease. II. Body: A. Claim 1:†¦ To begin, stem cells have the ability cure thousands of people. . Evidence 1: To begin, in a 2007 issue of the National Right to Life News, therapy has saved the lives of victims of myeloma and congestive heart failure. The treatment would have stem cells travel through their bloodstream into their bone marrow to establish a disease free immune system. 2. Evidence 2: In addition, stem cell therapy has revealed beneficial effects on the regeneration of impaired heart muscles according to Alex Martin's 2012 article Stem Cell- Therapy-Saving Lives one Heart at a Time.This therapy has the ability to reduce the chance of heart failure and can restore all the parts necessary to a damaged heart. B. Claim 2: Next, is that the potential of stem cells are endless and committing to research can only prove so much more. 1. Evidence 1: In fact,the website for the National Institutes of Health resource for research states that stem cells may replicate many times unlike muscle, blood, or nerve cells. This means they are capable for long-term self-renewal, meaning these cells can divide and renew themselves for very long periods of time. 2.Evidence 2: Also, in 2009, the Internet Journal of Bioengineering explained how stem cells can go from unspecialized to specialized cells that have the ability to differentiate into a wide variety of cells. These cells are proving to be the mainstay of rengerative medicine. C. Claim 3: My final point is explain to you how the plasticity of s tem cells can treat such a wide range of disease. 1. Evidence 1: First, in a 2012 issue of the Las Vegas Review Journal, scientists have started banks for umbilical cord blood stem cells which are a rich source of stem cells, being able to repair or even replace damaged cells in the human body. . Evidence 2: Additionally, Mark Anstead has written in a 2011 issue of Mail on Sunday about the ability of stem cells to treat a genetic blood condition known as sickle cell disease. Through blood transfusion, stem cells were transplanted into the patient's bone marrow and within days, his bloodstream was populated with healthy new red cells and no longer has to take his medication. . III. Conclusion: A. Thesis: Today, I've tried to convince you that we should continue to use stem cell research treat human disease and abnormalities.B. Claims: 1. Claim 1: First, I showed you that stem cells have the ability cure thousands of people. 2. Claim 2: Next, I told you how the potential of stem cells are endless and committing to research can only prove so much more. 3. Claim 3: Finally, I showed you how the plasticity of stem cells can treat such a wide range of disease. List of Sources Used Author: Townsend, Liz Title of article: â€Å"Survivors Speak Out: Adult Stem Cells Save Lives. † Title of publication: National Right to Life NewsTitle of database: Academic Search Premier Year: 2007 Author: Anstead, Mark Title of article: â€Å"Pioneering stem cell treatment saves the life of sickle cell victim. † Name of publication: Mail on Sunday Title of database: Academic Search Premier Year: 2011 Author: Madan, Natasha, Neeraj Madan, Pankaj Bajaj, Neelam Gupta, and Shweta Yadav Title of article: â€Å"Stem Cells – A Scope For Regenerative Medicine. † Name of publication: Internet Journal of Bioengineering Title of database: Academic Search Premier Year: 2009Author: Martin, Alex and Francesca Coxe Title of article: â€Å"Stem Cell Therapy – Saving Lives one Heart at a Time. † Title of website: MetroMD Year: 2012 Author: ARACONTENT Title of article: â€Å"Umbilical cord stem cells provide life-saving treatment for children. † Title of publication: Las Vegas Review-Journal Year: 2012 Author: no author Title of article: â€Å"What are the unique properties of all stem cells? â€Å" Title of website: Stem Cell Information: The National Institutes of Health resource for stem cell research Year: 2009

How to Help Students Take Notes

How to Help Students Take Notes Students often find taking notes in class a difficult proposition. Typically, they dont know what they should and should not include. Some tend to try and write everything you say without really hearing and integrating it. Others take very sparse notes, giving them little context for when they refer back to them later. Some students focus on irrelevant items in your notes, missing the key points entirely. Therefore, it is important that we as teachers help our students learn the best practices for taking effective notes. Following are some ideas that you can use to help students become more comfortable and better at note taking in the classroom setting. Scaffold Your Notes This simply means that you are giving your students clues to the key items you will be covering when you lecture to the students. At the beginning of the year, you should provide the students with a fairly detailed scaffold or outline. They can then take notes on this scaffold as you talk. As the year progresses, you can use less and less detail until you simply list out the key topics and subtopics you will be covering. However, it is important to note that you should give students a chance to read through the scaffold before you actually begin your lecture. Always Use the Same Key Words As you are lecturing, highlight key topics and ideas in some way. At the beginning of the year, you should be very clear when you are covering a key point that the students should be sure to remember. As the year goes on, you can make your hints more subtle. Though, remember, the goal of teaching is not to trip up your students. Ask Questions Throughout Asking questions throughout your lecture serves a few purposes. It keeps students on their toes, it checks comprehension, and it highlights key points you want them to remember. However, with that said it is important that your questions do cover key points. Introduce Each Topic Before Presenting Details Some teachers lecture by providing students with a lot of facts and expecting them to connect them to the overall topic. However, this can be very confusing. Instead, you should introduce the topic and fill in details always showing how it relates to the topic. Review Each Topic Before Moving On As you wrap up each key topic or subtopic, you should refer back to it again and restate one or two key sentences the students should remember. Teach Students to Use a Two-Column System In this system, students take their notes in the left column. Later, they add information in the right column from their textbooks and other readings. Collect Notes and Check Them Take a look at what students are doing and give them feedback to help them improve. You can do this right away or after they go home and finish out their notes from the textbook. Despite the evidence which shows that students need help taking notes, many teachers do not see the need to help them by scaffolding and using the other ideas listed here. This is very sad, for listening, taking effective notes, and then referring to these notes when studying helps reinforce learning for our students. Note taking is a learned skill, therefore, it is important that we take the lead in helping students become effective note takers.

Pfizer Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pfizer Inc - Essay Example he organizational structure is anticipated to change to accommodate the changing dimensions of customer perceptions and value expectations from medicines and healthy living (Barrett 2005, 72-82). The case commences with the market segmentation practices and its role in guiding the sales force efforts at Pfizer. Next are the targeting and positioning strategies in place and an understanding whether they need any changes. Adding on to the analysis, whether the company needs a complete revamping of its structure is also discussed along with the ‘what’ and ‘how’ of the change. To its accolades, Pfizer boasts of a 38,000 person global sales force that is competent enough to turn the demand function upside down. However, the traditional sales force efforts seem to be rusting with the changes in perceptions and expectations of physicians, patients and the total customer base. Earlier till date, the onus of marketing and spreading awareness of newly discovered medicines and drugs had been on sales team with frequent visits to clinics and appointments with physicians and doctors as the major activity of Marketing Charter. However, with the knowledge of new and categorical diseases with specialized physicians, mass marketing seems to take a back seat. Now Pfizer aims to focus on specialized diseases with less of talking and persuading the physicians with sales force efforts. Pfizer has learned a lesson from its Viagra sales experience. In its spree to extract maximum benefits from its Viagra proposition for ED (Erectile Dysfunction), it distributed a large number of samples and free medicine to clinics and physicians, resulting into a faulty determination of the exact demand. There were more of curious customers than actually afflicted ones, which led to an instant upsurge in demand at the time of the launch of the Viagra. This was all because the sales team was too aggressive in its efforts. Learning from this experience, the market segmentation now calls for

The Immigration Reform Bill of 2013 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Immigration Reform Bill of 2013 - Coursework Example The entire process of deportation is another factor that sends back another major chunk of young people who have grown up and studied in American colleges, thereby sending away a huge chunk of the talent within these colleges. While authorities stay strict, the government is bearing the brunt of the corporate and banking sectors who are forced to undertake industrialization due to the outflow of such talent from their companies. The Immigration Reform Bill sought to address issues from both the government and people’s point of views. And whether it succeeds or not depends upon the election of the minister who is most vehement and active in getting the House to agree to this Bill. The play designed in this article uses five theatrical techniques to highlight the range of events that occur in this politician’s life, till the final verdict of the election, in which he gets to know if he is elected or not. The first act (Act I) has three scenes. The first scene is a congregational meeting held at a Church service, to commemorate the death of the younger brother of this politician. Key characters in the play, like the rival politicians and business magnets who influence them, are introduced in this meeting. The political leader although in silence is aware of the brewing political tension in the minds of these guests attending the congregation. The scene uses thought tracking (Mackey & Cooper, 2000, 50) done by another key character of the play Adam Xavier, who is himself a 40-year-old high profile journalist familiar with the power players of this game. His observations and dialogues familiarize the audience with the real tension that is present in the thoughts of the characters of the play.  

Managing data and information as a nurse infromatics specialist Essay

Managing data and information as a nurse infromatics specialist - Essay Example Informatics and information technology specialists, as well as assistance of nursing technicians are utterly important in this field. The various databases are created for several purposes besides information management. One of the core competences resulting from such a system is marketing. A majority of patients mostly prefers institutions with an accurate and elaborate database. Besides, efficiency is another main advantage derived from the use of these systems. Majority of the databases is made to increase the speed and capability of the organization. Database systems are developed through a number of issues and a number of strategies that have been employed over a long period. These are mostly known as the dimensions of database construction. Several dimensions are used in the development of database systems for not only nursing but virtually all fields. The core field that will have to be assessed is the data transformation dimension, which is basically the main field in databas e construction. Database construction involves the development of a field, or a transformational item that will directly and automatically convert raw information or data into information that can be stored. For this part of the system, an already developed system for this purpose, say digital computers, or the usual computer system, and the development of servers to store data will be used. The server will store the information whereas the computers, connected to the servers will be used for as the access interfaces for the users. Besides the transformation of data, developing a dimension or criterion for information storage is vital and crucial, for instance, deciding who can access the information and who can alter the content in the information. The basic overall consideration that will be used in the development of this data management system is the basic and common use of fact tables. According to Langer (2007), basic use of data management tables and dimensional factual infor mation is crucial in the development of database dimension systems. These systems basically involve the entry of information that has been crosschecked by a supervisor for certainty. The use of factual tables is the simplest data entry method used in most database systems, which allows even the least technologically aware employee to use the system after the use of basic training. The final dimension that will have to be considered in this case is the basic consideration of context. What information will be contained in the information system and what will not. Automatically, the information used will be of a digital and alphanumerical nature. This is judged through the consideration of patient information that has to be put in words and not only digits or amounts the client in question has consumed. Besides patients’ information, employee information, such as their experience and their applicability to the patients’ conditions can be used in assigning different nurses to different patients depending on their familiarity with the conditions in question. According to Roussel (2006), general nursing informatics encompasses the inclusion and use of various dimensions from nurses’ information, to patients’ conditions and information, their respective usage of hospital facilities, such as beds, electronics and other similar facilities. In addition to that, practically any nurse can use consideration the

Of Mice and Men Characters Review Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and Men Characters Review Essay John Stienbeck was born in California in 1902. He went to University but could not afford to stay. After he left University he needed money to live so he done many jobs such as Waiter, Broke horses for the Army and he was also a Ranch Hand. In the end he wanted to be a writer so that he could highlight the conditions of the poor in America. In the 1930s America was suffering from depression. The change of climate in America meant that a lot of farming land was destroyed so farm owners employed migrant workers, which were paid very low wages and kept in very poor conditions. People were only employed when there was work on the farm. Most of the workers were solitary people with no homes or families. Loneliness plays a big part in this story. Stienbeck uses two main words in this story, Soledad and Solitaire. He uses these words because they both have something in common with loneliness. Solitaire is a one-player card game that all the ranch hands played. Soledad is the name of the main town in the story, the name means Lonely in Spanish. Throughout the story George always uses the quote guys like us are the loneliest guys in the world. Candy Candy is one of the lonely people in this story. He is old and disabled because he has only got one hand, this was due to an accident with a machine on the farm. Candys job is a swamper. A swamper is basically a cleaner, he tidies up the ranch. He does this job because no one else was prepared to do it, and because he is old and he needs money and somewhere to live. Candy will be doing this job until he cannot work no more due to his age, which will be very soon. Candy had a dog. The dog was old, smelly and on its way to the grave. The dog had no teeth so it could not eat and was very much like Candy. The dog was shot and Candy feels this will happen to him when he cannot work anymore. George has a travelling companion called Lennie, George and Lennies dream is to own a ranch. George tells Candy about his dream of owning the ranch. This changes Candys life because Candy believes that they will own a ranch of their own and be able to do what they want. He now had hope for the future and that he would live with his friends and have security and would die a happy man. Candy works for Curley who has a wife. Curleys wife is killed by Lennie. When Candy finds Curleys wife laying on the floor, he gets very angry and start swearing at her saying that she had ruined his life forever because Lennie will now be killed by Curley and this will mean that they will not be able to own their own ranch. When all the ranch workers leave Candy feels sorry for Curleys wife because she was lonely and was never able to go out anywhere and needed someone to talk. Candy says poor bastard because he feels sorry for her. Candys future now has been ruined because he is too old to work at the ranch and he will soon be sacked and will probably die a homeless man. Candy was put in the story to add a bit of variety among the characters. Crooks Crooks is another lonely person in the story. He is a coloured man living in a racist society and he is also disabled. His job is a Stable Buck, this is someone who looks after the horses and cleans out the stables. Crooks is treated very badly by the other ranch hands because he is coloured and the ranch hands are white. He is not allowed to go into the bunk house and he is not allowed to join in activities they do. They also make him sleep in the stable with the horses. Crooks has a very bad life in the story because he just stays in the stable and does not get to socialise with the other ranch hands. His room is just a small area in the stables with all his possession over the floor in his room unlike the ranch hands who have small boxes over their beds for their possessions. Crooks has many possessions such as magazines, a hairbrush, a flannel, soap and other small personal items. This shows that he is a very clean man and he taught himself how to read and write. When Lennie enters into Crooks room he acts very violently at first. Crooks says, you got no right to come in my room. This heres my room. Nobody got any right in here but me, later in the conversation Crooks starts confusing Lennie by saying things like spose George dont come back no more. Spose he took a powder and just aint coming back. Whatll you do then. This starts to upset Lennie. Crooks tells Lennie about his childhood. His childhood was remembered as him playing with white children when there was no racism in America, but his dad hated him playing with white children because in the end the white children would grow up hating black people. Crooks only has one dream in life and this is to live in a non-racist society, like when he was a child playing with the white children. When Lennie tells Crooks about his dream about the ranch, Crooks says your nuts. I see hundreds of men come by on the road and on the ranch with their bindles on their backs and that same damn thing in their heads. Nobody never gets to heaven and nobody never gets no land, its just in their head. When Curleys wife entered Crooks room he reacted in a very angry way because he did not like her. She always insulted them and Crooks had had enough of this, he says, I had enough. You got no right coming in a coloured mans room. Even after saying this Curleys wife threatened him, then Crooks just backed away and went silent. Now he has no future because he will just be living in a racist society, scared and lonely. I think Crooks was put in this novel to add a glimpse of racism in society. Curleys Wife Curleys wife is one of the loneliest people in this story. She wears long dresses, has long blonde hair, would always have her fingernails painted and would always eye up the ranch hands. This shows us that she is a slut. She does not have a name in this story because she does not have any independence and she is owned by Curley. Curleys wife is lonely because she has no one to talk to because Curley is always too busy, he has no time for her, every week he goes to the whorehouse, she does not love him and he does not love her. Curley treats her very badly; he has no respect for her. Her life on the ranch is very bad because she just stays at the ranch with no one to talk to. Most of the time she goes around the ranch looking for Curley but she is not really looking for him she just wants to chat to people. She had no respect from anyone, just like all women in the 1930s. The only reason she married Curley was to get away from her mum because her mum did not let her do her own thing. Curleys wifes dream was to get away from the ranch and be in the pictures or theatre. She once had the chance to do this but her mum stopped her going. In the end loneliness kills Curleys wife because as she had no one to talk to so she decided to talk to Lennie and this is what caused her death. I think Curleys wife was put in this novel to add a woman in the story as she was the only one in the story. The American Dream The American Dream meant a better life for George, Lennie and Candy because they would live on their own ranch and not have anything to worry about. The dream would also mean companionship for Candy because he would not be lonely anymore because he would have George and Lennie to be with. In the end no ones dreams come true because loneliness ruins their lives. Loneliness kills Curleys wife, it gives Candy no future or security and for Crooks it gives him no hope because he will always be living in a racist society.

Reflection on Introduction to Business Studies

Reflection on Introduction to Business Studies A business, an enterprise, or a firm is an organization designed in an attempt to create value through recognition of business opportunity by the management of risk taking opportunity, and through communicative and management skills to mobilize human, financial and material resources necessary to bring a project to success (Garcà ­a, Domingo and Salvador 68). A business is brought into existence by an entrepreneur, where an entrepreneur is the person trying a new opportunity or starting the new project (Bygrave and Zacharakis 37). Entrepreneurship is therefore the process of establishing a business venture in which the owner aims at getting profit (Bygrave and Zacharakis 37). An entrepreneur accepts financial ricks, undertakes new financial venture by focusing on innovations and creativity, and transforms a dream or an idea into a profitable venture by operating within organizational environment (Garcà ­a, Domingo and Salvador 68). Business success does not depend entirely on capital money but also on personal attributes of the entrepreneur (Bygrave and Zacharakis 37). This implies that business success is goal oriented and can be attained through entrepreneurs self-confidence, self-reliance, creativity and innovation. The entrepreneur must be willing to take initiatives and be persistently committed to initiatives taken in order to succeed. Moreover, he/she must be driven by the desire to be independent, and less afraid of failure (Bygrave and Zacharakis 37). Entrepreneurs are quite passionate about achieving goals and more alert to the existence of new opportunities and drive to take risks; within this context, an entrepreneur can be viewed as one with a spirit of recognizing opportunities. An entrepreneur or an aspiring entrepreneur must be ready to take risks by investing resources in order to achieve meaningful results through creativity; he should be innovative enough to increase productivity and efficien cy of his business. An entrepreneur should have a vision and a mission for his business to guide his operations; including short term and long term business plans in order to prosper. Furthermore, he should develop his business growth with the basic knowledge of equilibrium of goods and services (Bygrave and Zacharakis 37). Studies have revealed that business success is a continuous growth process that is governed by a very detailed and well-established set of rules that evolve throughout business time line (Garcà ­a, Domingo and Salvador 18). The initial business growth stage is the start up stage. At this stage, the entrepreneur acquires general awareness and orientation towards small business and the self-employment (Garcà ­a, Domingo and Salvador 18). At start up stage, the entrepreneur identifies the need to acquire motivation and confidence as well as self-appraisal of managerial and personal responsibilities. In addition, start up stage requires the entrepreneur to increase his/her awareness, understanding and insight in the business that he intends to pursue (Garcà ­a, Domingo and Salvador 18). The next stage for the business development is the business creation (Greene 57). The business creation stage involves testing of a proposed business idea against the competences and the interests of a potential entrepreneur (Greene 57). A potential entrepreneur make a defined commitment to become self employed and begins to prepare a business plan of the proposed business venture; listing the resources required (Greene 57). The key factors that should be involved in this stage are building of a business personality, being self-motivated, and gaining commitment to the business, technical and personal availability for the business, business building and managerial skills and acquisition of business resources including a business plan (Greene 61). The importance of a business plan is to help the entrepreneur to focus on ideas and visibility study of the business (Greene 62). A business plan is a viable tool for managing the business; it empowers the entrepreneur with knowledge required to prepare his business for success (Greene 62). A business plan is therefore a strong communication tool that helps to define an enterprise, how the enterprise is managed and the personnel concerned in the enterprise management (Greene 62). A finished business plan provides the basis for financial background and enables the entrepreneur to look at a business in an objective manner while acting as a strong reality check for the business. In addition, the plan helps the entrepreneur to cope with changes that may occur in a business over time (Greene 62). Regular review of the plan helps to evaluate past decisions and planning, effective business plan ensures that the team is committed to defined business goal. The benefits of a business plan cann ot be ignored in the world of entrepreneurship because an entrepreneur can even use a well-structured business plan to acquire a loan from a bank for the business capital (Greene 62). Furthermore, the business plan serves as a disclosure document for ones knowledge of the business (Greene 62). This knowledge is profitable to me as an aspiring entrepreneur because I will use the guidelines to plan my business and use the business plan as a viable tool for acquiring capital for my business. The next stage is called business survival stage or the business maintenance stage, at this stage the entrepreneur has mastered the product and production, markets and basic management of the enterprise. Interventions at this stage include consolidating the production process and product quality, consolidating the existing market, consolidating the management control system, upgrading technical skills to maintain standard, refine production process and upgrade marketing strategies that can help keep the market at high standards (Greene 62). The final stage of the business development is the business growth stage; this stage involves the growth of enterprise (Greene 63). At this time, the entrepreneur gains advanced experience and the business can then expand as it experiences growth, making a small business become large. I have learned that a business should have a business description, which entails what the business does; including a description of the entrepreneur, what the business offers, what are the market needs in relation to the issues the business will address and whether the business idea is viable. A business description sections include an overview of the business, description of the business products or services, an entrepreneurs position and the pricing strategy. As an aspiring entrepreneur, this information is important to me because it empowers me to position my enterprise for increasing market competition and to offer innovative products that meet the demands of my clients; thus keeping me ahead in market competition. This course has given me an understanding of the importance of a market plan in business. I have the understanding that market plan describes the market or services to be marketed to make a profit and that successful marketing depends on the understanding of the nature of the products and services, the controllable variables such as promotions, price, products that the company puts together to satisfy a given market (Bygrave and Zacharakis 74). Based on market plan, I will have enough facts to convince investors, potential partners and other interested parties that my business has enough customers in a growing market and can gain more sales despite the existing competition. Marketing is one of the most important parts of the plan, taking into consideration current market size and trends, it requires extensive research because decisions that follow from manufacturing to marketing to the amount of money needed will be based on sales estimated in the marketing plan (Bygrave and Zacharakis 74). Additionally, the market section includes information on competition and estimate sales, market size and the market trends (Bygrave and Zacharakis 74). These details will enable me; as an entrepreneur to position my enterprise for competition and also come up with disruptive innovations that will make my products unique in order to increase my customer base. Financial plan of a business is important because it identifies the amount required and how the money will be used in investment. It also shows how the capital will be raised (Bygrave and Zacharakis 74). Management and the organization plan of the business are necessary as they show how the business will be organized and managed; such that the major strategies like key management personnel and their qualifications are observed. In conclusion, this class has empowered me with great knowledge and understanding that I intent to implement as an entrepreneur to guarantee the success of my business. Success in business does not come in a silver platter but it has to be planned and appropriate steps taken to implement the plan. A business plan depicting core elements of a business such as financial plan, market plan and management plan among others; if well implemented will lead to enterprise success.